However, a correlation between state anxiety and working memory was not found. Stress was found to be negatively linked to working memory. The relationship between stress and working memory capacity has been researched.
Both anxiety and stress were negatively linked to visuospatial working memory, but they were not linked to verbal working memory, although there was a strong correlation between visuospatial and verbal working memory. A positive correlation between anxiety and stress was found. However, there was no significant correlation between visual working memory and state anxiety or trait anxiety. Visual working memory was positively linked to math anxiety. However, a gender effect on trait anxiety was not found. State anxiety was found to vary by gender. The relationship between anxiety, working memory, and gender has been researched. Furthermore, low working memory was found to have an effect on cognitive vulnerability, which has a feedback effect on anxiety. The causal pathways from anxiety to low working memory were established. The relationship between anxiety and working memory capacity, as an element of fluid cognition, has been researched. In this research, the influence of depression on memory varied by age and gender. The influence of depression on memory has been researched. Many researchers prefer to use the term “Internet use disorder” or “smartphone use disorder”, instead of “addiction” however, these terms have still not been accepted by ICD-11 or DSM-5. Very early research on the addictive use of the Internet was published in 1996. Easy access to the Internet with smartphones increased the popularity of social networks. Some researchers have investigated Internet communication in terms of the use of social networking sites such as WhatsApp and Facebook. Internet use disorder has a strongly negative influence on normal psychological development, and it can lead to syndromes such as stress. General information, social networking, email, chat, videos, and films were reported to be the most popular online activities of Internet users. In 1990, only about 250 behavioral addiction papers were published, while in 2013, 2563 papers were published. At that time, engaging in excessive online activities such as online sex and Internet games was initially called Internet addiction. The concept of “non-chemical addiction” was introduced in 1990.
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